November 5, 2013
US to boost chicken production among Africa''s rural households, small farms
UC Davis to lead new US Agency for International Development (USAID) programme to increase chicken production among Africa''s rural households and small farms, advancing food security, human nutrition and personal livelihoods.
A new programme that will identify genes crucial for breeding chickens that can tolerate hot climates and resist infectious diseases- specifically the devastating Newcastledisease- has been launched under the leadership of the University of California, Davis.
The global economic impact of virulent Newcastle disease is enormous. The project is particularly important for Africa, where infectious diseases annually cause approximately 750 million poultry deaths. Newcastle disease, a global threat to food security, first appeared in 1950 in the US. In 2002 it resulted in the death of four million birds at more than 2,600 California locations and cost US$160 million to eradicate.
The new effort, called the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Genomics to Improve Poultry, aims to dramatically increase chickenproduction among Africa''s rural households and small farms, advancing food security, human nutrition and personal livelihoods. The innovation lab recently was established with a US$6 million grant from the US Agency for International Development (USAID) as part of Feed the Future, the US government''s global hunger and food security initiative.
Huaijun Zhou, principal investigator for the programme and an associate professor of animal science in the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences at UC Davis, noted that disease resistance is one of the most economically important traits for poultry production but also challenging to achieve through genetic selection and traditional breeding alone.
"We are thrilled by the opportunity to apply cutting-edge technology and advanced genomics to solve this problem in poor, developing countries," said Zhou, whose research focuses on the relationship between genetics and the immune system.
"Developing a chicken that can survive Newcastle disease outbreaks is critical to increase poultry, meat and egg production in Africa and in other regions of the world," said David Bunn, director of the new innovation lab. "Increasing the production of chickens and eggs can have a dramatic impact on the livelihoods of poor rural communities."
Homestead and small-scale poultry production is considered to have tremendous potential for alleviating malnutrition and poverty in Africa''s climate-stressed rural communities. Improving the productivity of such poultry operations also promises to improve incomes and nourishment for women and children, who typically raise poultry for both income and food in Africa.
The USAID is an independent agency that provides economic, development and humanitarian assistance around the world in support of foreign policy goals of the US. It promotes peace and stability by fostering economic growth, protecting human health, providing emergency humanitarian assistance, and enhancing democracy in developing countries.
Feed the Future is the US Government''s global hunger and food security initiative. It supports partner countries in developing their agriculture sectors to spur economic growth and trade that increase incomes and reduce hunger, poverty and under-nutrition.
UC Davis has engaged in teaching, research and public service that matter to California and transform the world. Located close to the state capital, UC Davis has more than 33,000 students, more than 2,500 faculty and more than 21,000 staff, an annual research budget of nearly US$750 million, a comprehensive health system and 13 specialised research centres.