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First report of bacterial leaf streak on rice in Burundi

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Publish time: 27th March, 2015      Source: A ProMED-mail post<http://www.cnchemicals.com/;
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First report of bacterial leaf streak on rice in BurundiFirst report of bacterial leaf streak on rice in Burundi" title="Share this link on Facebook">A ProMED-mail post<http://www.cnchemicals.com/;ProMED-mail is a program of theInternational Society for Infectious Diseases <http://www.isid.org>Date: February 2015Source: European Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) Reporting Service 2/2015/035 [edited] <http://archives.eppo.int/EPPOReporting/2015/Rse-1502.pdf>In May 2013, symptoms of bacterial leaf streak were observed on rice plants at the panicle emergence stage in fields in Bubanza and Cibitoke provinces in Burundi. Laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of _Xanthomonas oryzae_ pv. _oryzicola_ [bacterial leaf streak] (EPPO A1 List) in diseased rice plants.This is the 1st time that this bacterium is recorded in Burundi and surveys will be conducted to determine the extent of the disease[Reference----------O Afolabi et al (2014): First report of _Xanthomonas oryzae_ pv._oryzicola_ causing bacterial leaf streak of rice in Burundi. Plant Disease 98, 1426; DOI: doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0504-PDN<http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0504-PDN>]--Communicated by:ProMED-mail<promed@promedmail.org>[Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of rice is caused by _Xanthomonas oryzae_ pv. _oryzicola_. So far, it had been reported only from Australasia, West Africa, and Madagascar, with yield losses of up to 30 per cent.The bacteria can also affect a number of grasses which may serve as pathogen reservoirs. Symptoms include translucent interveinal streaks extending into orange lesions which may kill the leaf. Yellowish bacterial exudates may be seen. Bacteria can enter through small wounds on the leaf surface, including insect damage. Plants are susceptible at all stages, but infection is most damaging at the tillering stage. BLS is more prevalent in the rainy season.The pathogen survives between seasons on volunteer rice plants, leaf debris, and infected stubble. It is seed borne and can also be spread with infected plant and other materials, by water and mechanical means (including human and insect activity). Disease management is difficult and may include phytosanitation (control of reservoir hosts, removal of contaminated materials), cultural measures (optimal plant spacing and fertilisers), bacteriocides (such as copper compounds) and use of resistant crop varieties.The detection of BLS in central Africa is of concern for the region.In the reference given above it is stated that diagnostic sequences identified in the Burundi isolate were identical to several Asian strains and a strain from Mali in West Africa. The bacteria may have entered the region with contaminated seed from those areas, however, a source of the outbreak remains to be verified.Another strain of the pathogen (_X. oryzae_ pv. _oryzae_) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB). Symptoms are similar but BLB is generally considered more invasive.MapsBurundi:<http://www.ezilon.com/maps/images/africa/political-map-of-Burundi.gif>(with provinces) and<http://healthmap.org/promed/p/172>Africa, overview:<http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/maps/africa.htm>PicturesBacterial leaf streak on rice:<http://www.ipmimages.org/images/768x512/0162041.jpg>,<http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/sites/default/files/B%20L%20Stike.jpg>,and<http://www.ipmimages.org/images/768x512/1949007.jpg>Comparison of BLS and BLB symptoms:<https://www.plantpath.iastate.edu/files/page/images/bacterial.jpg>LinksInformation on bacterial leaf streak of rice:<http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/diseases/item/bacterial-leaf-streak>,<http://www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx?dsid=56977>,<http://www.agribusinessweek.com/bacterial-leaf-streak-of-rice/>, and <http://www.science.oregonstate.edu/bpp/Plant_Clinic/Disease_sheets/Bacterial%20leaf%20streak%20of%20rice.pdf>_X. oryzae_ pv. _oryzicola_ taxonomy:<http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/129394>EPPO A1 quarantine list:<http://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/listA1.htm>- Mod.DHA][See Also:Rice diseases - Malaysia: (western) emerging strains 20150108.30803152014----Leaf blight & sheath rot, rice - Bangladesh: (RJ) 20141017.28727182012----Multiple diseases, rice - India: (AR) 20120911.12878622010----Bacterial leaf streak, rice - Philippines 20100830.3084 Multiple disease, rice - Viet Nam (03) 20100816.28352007----Bacterial leaf blight, rice - Pakistan (Sindh, Punjab) 20071005.3293 Bacterial leaf blight, rice - India (Punjab) 20070824.27751999----Plant pests - Russia 19991202.2114]More news from: ISID (International Society for Infectious Diseases)Website: http://www.isid.orgPublished: March 27, 2015The news item on this page is copyright by the organization where it originatedFair use notice